发布日期：2022-05-30
讲座回顾|通过BBBC的设计理念提高社区能源弹性（10.15）
讲座回顾|通过BBBC的设计理念提高社区能源弹性（10.15）
发布日期：2020-10-19 22:10
分享到：
疫情当前，全球都面临重大挑战，同时我们还需要应对气候变化、自然灾害和可能破坏关键基础设施（例如能源）的冲突，我们在探索中寻求能源使用的最佳解决策略，并参与思考实现可持续发展的途径。
At present, the world is facing major challenges. At the same time, we also need to deal with climate change, natural disasters and conflicts that may damage key infrastructure (such as energy). We seek the best solution strategy for energy use in exploration, and participate in thinking about ways to achieve sustainable development.
回顾 Review
回顾
Review
（现场照片）/photo
讲座伊始，李珺杰老师介绍了本次2021年中国国际太阳能十项全能竞赛以及BBBC的设计概念，即以模块化过渡房屋为原型，满足救灾团队的需求并长期支持灾后恢复和重建工作。本次讲座依托于BBBC的设计理念诞生，同大家一道探讨社区能源韧性的概念。
At the beginning of the lecture, Professor Li introduced the 2021 Solar Decathlon China and the design concept of BBBC which is modular transition housing as a prototype to meet the needs of disaster relief teams and support long-term post disaster recovery and reconstruction.Adhering to the concept of BBBC, we take a part of post disaster reconstruction research as a lecture to discuss with students in the school, hoping to stimulate more innovation on sustainable development.
（现场照片）/photo
本次讲座邀请英国拉夫堡大学皇家工程促进发展研究员Dr Long Seng To（杜朗生博士），采用线上连线的方式，探讨解决能源获取和应对能源弹性挑战等问题，再就人道主义工程领域的可能性进行讨论交流。
Dr long Seng To, a research fellow of Royal engineering for development at Loughborough University, was invited to discuss the issue of energy access and energy flexibility challenges by means of online connection, and then discuss the possibility of the field of humanitarian engineering.
杜博士是拉夫堡大学皇家工程院资助的工程促进发展研究员，也是伦敦大学学院科学、技术、工程和公共政策系的名誉讲师。她具有跨学科背景，拥有光电和太阳能工程专业的工科学士学位，历史和科学哲学方面的文学学士学位，以及两个学科的博士学位。最近作为联合国欧洲经济委员会资源管理专家组可再生能源工作组的参与者，帮助制定太阳能资源分类标准。
Dr To is an Engineering for Development Research Fellow funded by the Royal Academy of Engineering at Loughborough University, and is an Honorary Lecturer in the Department of Science, Technology, Engineering and Public Policy at University College London. She also engages regularly with policymakers, most recently helping to create a standard for solar resource classification as part of the UN Economic Commission for Europe’s Expert Group on Resource Management, Renewables Working Group.
与会者还有赛队协助指导老师Sharon Chow（周嘉旺），来自牛津大学与香港中文大学灾害与人道救援研究所。
Sharon Chow is the adjunct Tutor from Collaborative Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Responses.
能源与SDGSEnergy and the SDGs
能源与SDGS
Energy and the SDGs
SDG（Sustainable Development Goals）即联合国可持续发展目标，SDG作为指导全球可持续发展的蓝图，在千年发展指标的基础上，综合经济发展、社会公平、环境可持续性三个因素，罗列了共17项指标作为具体目标（共计113项目标细则），其中近65%为是有关于应对能源系统的策略如应对气候变化、减少污染造成的死亡指数等。[1]
SDG（Sustainable Development Goals)
is the United Nations sustainable development goal. As a blueprint to guiding global sustainable development, SDG that based on the millennium development indicators, lists a total of 17 indicators as specific goals (113 target details in total) based on the millennium development indicators, and nearly 65% of them are about strategies to deal with the energy system, such as climate change, social equity and reducing deaths from pollution , etc.[1]
[1]Fuso Nerini, F., Tomei, J., To, L.S., et al. (2018), ‘Mapping synergies and trade-offs between Energy and the Sustainable Development Goals’, Nature Energy, 3, 10-15.
社区能源弹性Community Energy Resilience
社区能源弹性
Community Energy Resilience
·定义：红十字会与红新月会国际联合会将“弹性”定义为“面临灾害、危机和潜在脆弱性的个人、社区、组织或国家在不损害其长期前景的情况下，预测、准备、减少冲击和压力的影响、应对和恢复的能力”
“Resilience: the ability of individuals, communities, organizations or countries exposed to disasters, crises and underlying vulnerabilities to anticipate, prepare for, reduce the impact of, cope with and recover from the effects of shocks and stresses without compromising their long-term prospects.”
- by IFRC
(International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies )
·由来及用途：社区能源弹性基于现象观察：家庭和社区使用能源的措施，灾难情况下能源使用策略及日常生活中的使用情况来作为能源弹性的指标。基于韧性指标，生成应对的策略用以人道主义援助和国际发展的能源服务，并协调不同类型的能源系统。最后得以形成完备科学的循环机制，实现“预防-准备-反馈-恢复”联动机制，增强社区能源弹性的整体活力。
Origin and use:community energy resilience is an indicator of energy resilience based on phenomenon observation: Measures of energy use in families and communities, energy use strategies in disaster situations and use in daily life. Based on resilience indicators, generate response strategies for humanitarian assistance and energy services for international development, and coordinate different types of energy systems. Finally, we can form a complete and scientific circulation mechanism, realizinig the linkage mechanism of "prevention,preparation,feedback and recovery", and enhance the overall vitality of community energy resilience.
QSAND体系 QSAND system
QSAND体系
QSAND system
-提供给庇护所和定居点进行可持续性自我评估的工具；
-量化自然灾害后的可持续性
-A shelter and settlement focussed sustainability self-assessment tool for;
-Quantifying sustainability in the aftermath of natural disasters.
·目标 /Aim
在自然灾害发生后，促进和促进在住房和定居活动中采取可持续的 救济、恢复和重建办法，以便在支持和保护自然环境的同时，经济、社会和健康利益，同时支持和保护自然环境。
To promote and facilitate sustainable approaches to relief, recovery and reconstruction in the shelter and settlement operations after a natural disaster so helping to ensure economic, social, and health benefits to the community in the short and longer term whilst supporting and protecting the natural environment.
·主要对象 /Key objectives
·指导影响受灾社区的决策进程，促进对住房和定居活动采取更可持续的办法。
To guide and inform the decision-making process affecting a disaster-affected community, promoting more sustainable approaches to shelter and settlement activities.
·提供一个协调一致的框架，用以酌情比较并确定受灾害影响社区救济、恢复和重建的备选方案/解决方案的可持续性。
To provide a coordinated framework for identifying and, where relevant, comparing the sustainability of options/solutions in the relief, recovery and reconstruction of disaster-affected communities.
（QSAND体系的分类）
(Classification of QSAND system)
现代能源烹饪服务计划 Modern Energy Cooking Services
现代能源烹饪服务计划
Modern Energy Cooking Services
·烹饪方法革新：“4000万英国援助方案”正在尝试替代预期未来的生物物质烹饪方法
·能源革新：尝试利用电力供应
·设备革新：电动压力锅节能特性优良，价格低廉，是美国和欧洲增长最快的厨房用具
-£40 million UK Aid programme which is trying an alternative approach to biomass cooking that anticipates the future. It is seeking to integrate the questions of clean cooking into energy access planning.
-Utilising electricity supplies.Many of those are in urban centres, for example – in Kampala 95% are connected to electricity but 70% of households still cook with charcoal.
-Electric pressure cookers are the fastest growing kitchen appliance in the US and Europe that combines an electric hotplate, a pressure cooker, an insulated box and a fully automated control system.They cost between $35 and $120 but varying quality.
现阶段改善途径 Improvement
现阶段改善途径
Improvement
应对现阶段挑战，还应有以下几项策略：确定能源需求和能源弹性战略，制定社区能源弹性措施，尝试创建解决方案（开展试点项目），提升设计使用工具。
To cope with the current challenges, the following strategies should be adopted:
-Identify energy needs & resilience strategies；
-Develop measures for community energy resilience；
-Create solutions: pilot projects；
-Develop design tools；
互动环节Interaction
互动环节
Interaction
最后进行了问答互动环节，大家就现代能源烹饪的能源消耗和可持续问题与杜博士和Sharon老师进行了进一步讨论，对于现代能源烹饪服务计划的实施表示赞同，并在线上交流中提出了自己对于欠发达地区的生产生活方式的改造、对于烹饪设备的更新方式的想法。
Finally, Q&A session was held, in which Dr. To further and Sharon discussed the energy consumption and sustainability of modern energy cooking.Participants agreed with the implementation of the modern energy cooking service plan and put forward their ideas on the transformation of production and life style in underdeveloped areas and the renewal of cooking equipment .
总结 Summary
总结
Summary
杜博士通过对相关概念的解读及现实发展状况案例的讲解，向我们展示出当今世界应对社区能源韧性的策略与现阶段探索成果。结合现代能源烹饪服务计划的应用讨论我们已知的任务和更多发展的可能性，使得我们逐渐意识到：我们需要通过一定深度的全局思考来建立起自身世界观同现实的架构，需要具备专业的素养并怀有博爱的胸怀积极参与人道主义工程的建设。
Through the interpretation of relevant concepts and the explanation of the actual development cases, Dr. To showed us the strategies and achievements of community energy resilience in today's world. Combined with the application of modern energy cooking service plan，we discuss our known tasks and more development possibilities, which makes us gradually realize that we need to establish our own world outlook and reality framework through a certain depth of global thinking and we need to have professional quality and have a fraternal mind to actively participate in the construction of humanitarian engineering.
编辑/陶烜枢
作者：彼尔德小助手
阅读更多文章/MORE